Roadie Gal is right - the recovery window varies depending on who you read. The rule of thumb I use is 200 Cal within 20 min of finishing exercise with a balance of nutrients as mentioned above. But I don't sweat the balance part. If I can't get to a smoothy, I'm gonna chug down what I can even if it's Coke. 200 Cal of simple carbs is better than nothing.
Living life like there's no tomorrow.
http://gorgebikefitter.com/
2007 Look Dura Ace
2010 Custom Tonic cross with discs, SRAM
2012 Moots YBB 2 x 10 Shimano XTR
2014 Soma B-Side SS