Well, I have aero bars on a tri bike... and I can tell you that going into aero position makes a huge difference into a headwind.
It also helps with my sit bone pain, because when I'm in aero position my sit bones aren't digging into the seat (and I own the thickest padded shorts I could find- but they don't help my sit bones).
The downside has been the cramp in my neck and back pain. I only have 60 miles logged on the tri bike though, and I am sure the pain will improve as I gain more experience in aero position.
I would guess the benefits of aero bars would work the same on a road bike. The only difference between the road and tri is the geometry that affects the leg muscles being used.
I can say that I felt new leg muscles being used on my tri bike... new muscles were sore.
Well, lots of people put aero bars on road bikes and it seems to work just find. Might be worth a shot?
"Life is not a journey to the grave with the intention of arriving safely in a pretty and well preserved body, but rather, to skid in broadside thoroughly used-up, totally worn out, and loudly proclaiming: WOW WHAT A RIDE!!!!"