The City of Lowell, MA has apparently spent lots of $ on bike lanes and sharrows. They appeared last fall.
However, what they really need is an education campaign to teach the "invisible" cyclists how to use this infrastructure, as well as educating drivers. The drivers in this city are some of the worst I've ever seen, even in Massachusetts, with red lights being routinely run. There is a a large immigrant population from all over the world, where it's probably OK to ride against traffic. Also, a university with college students who also ride against traffic, although I don't see a lot of this population riding. I hate driving here (a good deal of my clients live here), it's where I had my accident last summer (the woman who went through a 4 way stop is still claiming "pain and suffering" and there's a lot of insurance fraud), and I don't think I would ever ride there, even though it's only 15 miles away, with some really good restaurants I go to.
It's like they just didn't plan for this part; it's hard to change behavior and this would be a huge change for both drivers and riders.