My guess is that the 'rubbery' feeling has more to do with it being your first ride in a long time than it does with what you ate. Especially since you didn't notice it until the evening.

That said, what you eat before your ride is a personal choice as what works varies by individual. For me, I've found that I need a little protien and I've discovered that dairy doesn't agree with me and biking. My best combo is egg whites, whole grain toast and fresh fruit...it keeps me going until the first rest stop! Egg whites, oatmeal and fruit is also good. I do need to finish eating at least 2 hours before the ride starts though...