I find that humorous, dry, sarcastic teasing works really well with men who are using patronizing language. Note: I say that they are using patronizing language, not that they are acting patronizing. Most of the time when I run into this kind of verbage, it's being used thoughtlessly by a man who doesn't necessarily intend to be a patronizing chauvinist.

I've been working as a female in a heavily male-dominated department for years now. I used to get upset if someone called me "young lady" or "girl" or whatever. But, letting them upset me just made the situation worse and they respected me even less. Now I just cock my head and wryly reply "yes, old man?" and it's about 50 times more effective. Or the classic "You talkin' to me? I don't see any girls here, so you must be talkin' to me!"

Having the confidence to calmly flip it right back in their face works really well, and you come off as cool and assured.