Do you know what the cause of your neck and shoulder pain is? If you have a lot of degenerative changes in your cervical spine (neck) the positioning on an upright road bicycle may not ever be good enough to eliminate that pain. In that case you would want to go to a recumbent. I have been doing PT for almost 17 years, coaching for 10 and bike fitting for 6. I can truthfully say that if significant degenerative arthitis in your neck is not the problem, then you should be able to find a position on an upright bike, either through fitting (including custom design) or training your postural muscles to support a less stressful body position. This is the statement of my responsible Physical Therapist persona, you know the one, it's the angel in white sitting on my shoulder speaking into my ear.
The following statement is coming from my evil persona, the little devil on my other shoulder who has a couple of drinks on an empty stomach and seems to (erroneously I'm sure) think that her opinion should be heard.
Recumbents are weird. I don't like them. It's just not right. A beautiful, custom upright bike is the epitome of cool. A recumbent is, well, kinda nerdy.
I'm sorry, I know I've offended all the recumbent riders out there. And the nerds too I suppose. I want you to know that I have friends that ride bents, (and I tease them incessantly). They still seem to like me anyway. I really am a good person. I just never want to ride a recumbent. Unless I really have to for physical reasons. Then I would, cuz it's better to ride a bent than to not ride at all.
Living life like there's no tomorrow.
http://gorgebikefitter.com/
2007 Look Dura Ace
2010 Custom Tonic cross with discs, SRAM
2012 Moots YBB 2 x 10 Shimano XTR
2014 Soma B-Side SS