Put the valve stem at 12:00 so you can pull the pump head straight up onto it from underneath.
Tap the valve stem until you hear a little air come out, to break the seal on a Presta valve, before attaching the pump head.
As far as the pump head lock, what kind of pump is it (brand and model - or can you link to a picture)?
Presta valve cores are technically replaceable, but they may be hard to find. They just screw in. If the outer stem itself is bent, the tube is toast, unfortunately, and you also want to make sure the tube didn't get cut by the rim when it went crooked - that's a fairly common failure area for tubes.
Speed comes from what you put behind you. - Judi Ketteler