I have had those two specific disks repaired twice, and no one ever said don't do anything I don't want to do. Riding a bike has not been a problem. I would guess that the doctor who told you that was not a cyclist. I'd get a second opinion from a sports doc or PT, and make sure it's someone who knows something about cycling.
I think as long as you have good core strength and you don't overdo anything (sounds like you are the "go-with-gusto" type--so learn your limits), there's nothing automatic about not being able to ride a road bike with a disk problem.
Welcome to TE!
Karen
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insidious ungovernable cardboard