The other extreme is tetrachromacy. i heard about it years ago so I had to look it up. And yes its in Wiki. interesting. And no it does not allow you to see in ultra-violet nor in infra-red region. Just more variation in color like we just don't have enough.
When I was growing up, I knew a boy who was partially color blind. It seems like you can have partial color blindness. It's not all or nothing. If one of the primary color cone is weak, your ability to distinguish between red and green is reduced. I don't remember what the boy told me about color red and green... I think he said it was muted and looked very much alike.



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