new to road bike -2 questions

[SadieKate]

Just to help everyone when they're going into the LBS. There are standard reach brake levers and short reach brake levers. There is no such thing as men's and women's brake levers (there are guys with small hands also!). Shimano road brakes can be adjusted with a shim made by both Shimano and Specialized. This shim only fits certain Shimano brake levers.

Mtb bike brake levers have much more variety to the general size and curve of the lever but some can be adjusted with a screw.

Using this terminology will spare you the total blank uncomprehending stare from the bike shop employee and earn you more credibility. Also notice that there is a difference between the brake lever which is mounted on your handlebars and the brakes (calipers or arms) themselves which are on your frame and squeeze the rim.

By the way, not all brakes are equal. Stopping power is very dependent on the design of the brake arms, the pivot points, the pads, etc. A modern day hybrid probably has linear brakes (aka V-brakes) which are very powerful. It is quite possible that an old road bike could have brake calipers that take longer to slow the bike. Some of the old less expensive components (and even modern inexpensive components) can be very wimpy. Components have come a long way, baby!