hmmmm - I really think you should look into getting a comprehensive bike fit. It sounds like it is probably a combination of fit and technique? My first thought was that maybe your cranks might be way too long - hence the feeling like you are throwing your body forwards on the downstroke? It might explain the problem you are having with un-weighting the rear wheel- if your cranks were too long, standing you'd put too much weight over the front of the bike and the rear wheel could slip. You should be careful when sprinting of leaning too far forward - especially now that bikes are very light, and I certainly have this problem, if you lean too far out the rear wheel will slip. It is more common on smaller wheel bikes too, so if you are riding 650's you have to be doubly careful. I have sprinted at 30 mph and above in the past and I never have felt like I am going to do myself any injury - but yes of course it is completely exhausting. That's not to say it doesn't hurt - sure it does, but its not the kind of hurt that feels like tearing anything - its just the used muscle kind of hurt, if you know what I mean?