I would say you were seriously overdressed. No, you should not be drenched when layering for winter riding. But you didn't layer effectively, you put 3 outer-wear pieces on top of each other. The secret to layering is snug-fitting inner layers (snug so they lay up against your skin & transport moisture away from you) with one outer piece. It it's windy, a 2nd outer piece in the form of a shell, which you should plan on removing part way into your ride after you've warmed up (so it better be small & packable). You should look into some base layers for wearing next to your skin. I use polyester down to the upper-30's, and wool for mid-30's & below. Craft & SmartWool make excellent base layers. If it's below freezing, possibly a mid-layer next. You can tell if it's a jersey for outer wear, or a mid-layer for layering, a real mid layer won't have pockets. And there is a difference in how these pieces work in terms of breathability & moisture transport. Otherwise, your jacket comes next. SadieKate's got it right there--warm with windstopper in the front, breathable in the back. That's perfect. And a wind shell, only if necessary, and only for warm-up, or long descents.

Lose the fleece jacket for serious riding. If it's not cycling-specific, it's cut way too roomy. In winter, you don't want roomy, that just means lots of air pockets for cold air to get into. Light-weight, thin so you can still move easily without feeling like a wrapped mummy, and close-fitting. That's the secret.