I put the cartridge upside-down inside the co2 pump so there is no chance of it puncturing accidentally. I also carry a spare in my seat bag. One 16oz cartridge will inflate one road bike tube to about 100 psi. I think it will fill a mtn bike tube with a little left over. Once punctured though they will leak so trying to save the leftover is futile...from what I was told when I bought the pump. He didn't say anything about the co2 leaking out when filling the tube though so I'm not sure if this is normal or not. And the freezing of the stem kind of freaked me out a bit. If I don't get an answer here I guess I'll have to go back to the shop to find out if I'm doing it right.
As we must account for every idle word, so must we account for every idle silence." ~Benjamin Franklin