When I rode in Quebec this summer, there was one part of the Route Verde, that was on the road (a lot of it was) that had one bike lane on the opposite side of the street from the direction we were travelling. It definitely WAS 2 way for cyclists. The lane was marked off by dividers at some points, but everything I know about safe riding made this feel very weird, especially as we climbed up a hill going in the opposite direction of the traffic. A few other cyclists passed us going the other way and that was spooky, too. Most of the Route Verde was on larger roads with a very wide bike lane on both sides. Cars were very aware of bikes here.
So, I suspect the use of these lanes is quite different in different countries.
Robyn