I see no reason why cycling booties wouldn't work over tennis shoes - they are stretchy. However, you might find they wear quickly underneath from contact with the pedals... with cycling shoes and cleats, the material does not have high pressure contact, if any, with the pedal.

You could always do what I do most of the time .... socks, plastic bags to fit over toes and most of foot but cut down so they are not sticking out the tops of your shoes, then your shoes.

Works a treat for cold days, frosty mornings, or polar blasts...
I use most often supermarket bags - a double layer if really cold day.
Bread bags are better because the plastic is thicker, but in our house it is easier to find supermarket bags.