from a book about bike fit:

lateral (outside) knee pain

seat too low - raise seat
cleats toes point in - modify cleat consider floating pedals
floating pedals - limit float to 6 degrees
toggling cleats - replace cleats
feet too close - increase stance width; modify cleat position apart; shim pedal on crank 2mm; longer bottom bracket axle; cranks with more offset; pedals with larger q-factor