I think you're smart to weigh yourself before and after a ride to see if you're underhydrating. Granted, I'm sometimes guilty of not drinking enough when I ride, but it sounds like you may have overhydrated this time around. One hundred and thirty ounces sounds like a lot of water to me for the ride that you did, but I don't know how much you sweat or how high your level exertion was. In any event, it sounds like you already know that drinking too much water can be dangerous.
I posted a question a few weeks ago about post-ride headaches. Lots of people get them it seems. After reading everyone's responses and reading up on exertion headaches, I came to the conclusion that no one solution works for everybody. For some, it seems to be a matter of hydration. For other its all about electrolytes. I've been taking two Excedrin the minute th ride is over and that seems to be helping. I also drink a 9-ounce bottle of water the first thing in the morning if I'm going for a ride that morning. I'll up that as it gets hotter. The fact that I often have to go the bathroom--sometimes badly--during morning weekend rides is a good sign to me that I'm not--at least with current temps--underhydrating. If I'm riding in the afternoon, I up my water intake during the day. I use Cytomax Energy drink during rides, along with water. I also drink some form of a recovery drink immediately after the ride--16 ounces of chocolate milk is my current favorite--and continue to hydrate the rest of the day.
Keep playing around with it. Here are a few articles on hydration from VeloNews.
http://www.velonews.com/train/articles/7994.0.html
http://www.velonews.com/train/articles/6239.0.html
http://www.velonews.com/train/articles/5139.0.html
http://www.velonews.com/train/articles/6162.0.html
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