Given what you've already described, I tend to think it's a rear--and not a front--derailleur issue. Does the chatter or noise increase as your chain gets more out of a straight line, i.e., as you shift into more "extreme" gears in teh back?
Alternatively, it could be that your chain is too long or too short. Have them check the length. And, if it's a 10-speed, make sure you have a chain appropriate for a 10-speed. I had all kinds of drivetrain noise until I realized that the LBS hadn't changed my chain out when they switched me over to a 10-speed cassette. They tried to convince me that the chain was fine, but I insisted. And guess what? No more noise. They should have known better, but that's another story.
In any event, it might be time to take it to another shop.
Live with intention. Walk to the edge. Listen hard. Practice wellness. Play with abandon. Laugh. Choose with no regret. Continue to learn. Appreciate your friends. Do what you love. Live as if this is all there is.
--Mary Anne Radmacher