I lived in Edmoton for 15 years and rode there a lot. My biggest piece of advice is to get a place with reasonably good access to the river valley. If you can ride to the valley you can ride almost anywhere. If you don't mind riding in snow and -40 deg weather, you can ride all year around. If you want to avoid snow your cycling season will be limited to mid Apr to mid Oct.
If you have more specific questions, feel free to PM me.
Living life like there's no tomorrow.
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2007 Look Dura Ace
2010 Custom Tonic cross with discs, SRAM
2012 Moots YBB 2 x 10 Shimano XTR
2014 Soma B-Side SS