Originally Posted by
laura*
There might not be anything "wrong" with the parts. This can be a characteristic of 1xN drivetrains. When shifting to a smaller cassette cog, the shift can happen suddenly and fast. This may cause a sideways wave in the chain. The front part of chain was still angled for the old cog while the back was bending over to the new cog. I think there's also an up and down wave from shifting into the smaller gear. These waves can be enough to throw the chain off the chainring when there's no derailleur to block them.
My commute bike has a single chainring up front. It came with a plastic guard on the outside of the chainring. When I changed to a smaller chainring, I installed metal guards on both sides. The guards are essentially toothless chainrings.